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Dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, which means it mimics the action of these incretin hormones to enhance insulin secretion, suppress glucagon release, and slow gastric emptying

Closes the cortisol and nervous-system pathway that keeps the flushing going (HPA-axis pattern)

Because dry mouth accelerates plaque build-up, a cycle of taste disturbance, discomfort and reduced oral health can develop

GLP-1 drugs work through appetite suppression

Because of this origin, it is studied as a potential communicator between mitochondria and the rest of the cell, a role researchers refer to as retrograde mitochondrial signaling